What is a Network Protocol?

• Protocol is a digital language through which we communicate with others on the internet.  .
  

OR

• Set of mutually accepted rules for proper exchange of information.

TYPES OF PROTOCOL

1. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol)

2. DHCP  (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

3. DNS    (Domain Name Server)

4. FTP     (File Transfer Protocol)

5. ARP     (Address Resolution Protocol)

6. HTTP   (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)

7. SMTP   (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

TCP/IP

• TCP (Transmission control protocol) is used for communication overs a network.
• Data is broken down into small packets and then sent to the destination.
• IP (Internet Protocol) works with TCP.
• IP is also known as Addressing protocol

• IP address show these packets route to their destination.

FTP

• FTP (File transfer protocol) is basically used for transferring files to different network.
• There may be a mass of files such as text files, multimedia files, etc.
• This way of file transfer is quicker than other methods .
  

SMTP

• SMTP (Simple mail transfer protocol) manages the transmission and outgoing mail over the internet.
• SMTP is used for sending and receiving e-mail.

HTTP

• HTTP (Hyper text transfer protocol) is based on client and server model.
• HTTP is used for making a connection between the web client and web server.
• HTTP shows information in web pages.
  

ARP

• ARP (Address resolution protocol) is a network protocol used to find out the hardware (MAC) address of a device from an IP address.
• It is used when a device on a local network wants to communicate with some other device on a local network.

DHCP

• DHCP (Dynamic host configuration protocol) is a client-server protocol.
• DHCP assigns an IP address to any device on a network so they can communicate using IP.

DNS

• DNS (Domain name server) is the internet's equivalent of a phone book.
• They maintain a directory of domain names and translate them to IP addresses.

Why is it necessary to translate them to IP address?

• This is necessary because, although domain names are easy for people to remember, computer or machines, access websites based on IP address.
• When you type is a web address, e.g www.google.com, your ISP (Internet Service Provider) views DNS associated with the domain name, translate it into machine friendly IP address (for example 74.125.224.72) and directs your internet connection to the correct website.